Youth Violence

Youth violence is a serious issue affecting young people aged 10 to 24, often manifesting through fighting, bullying, weapon threats, and gang-related activities. It not only harms the victims but also impacts offenders and witnesses, creating a ripple effect of trauma and fear in communities. Understanding youth violence means recognizing its multifaceted nature and addressing it as a shared responsibility. Preventative measures, such as fostering safe environments, promoting conflict resolution skills, and offering support to at-risk youth, are essential in breaking the cycle of violence and building a foundation for healthier, more compassionate communities.

Key Facts

Prevalence and Impact:

  • Thousands experience youth violence daily across urban, suburban, rural, and tribal communities.
  • Homicide is the third leading cause of death for young people aged 10-24 and the leading cause of death for non-Hispanic Black or African American youth.
  • Over 800 young people are treated daily in U.S. emergency departments for assault-related injuries.

Disparities in Risk:

  • Sexual minority teens are more likely to face multiple forms of violence than their heterosexual peers.
  • Black or African American youth are at a higher risk of the most physically harmful forms of violence, including homicides and aggravated assaults.

Economic Costs:

  • In 2020, youth homicides and nonfatal physical assaults incurred an estimated $122 billion annually in costs, covering medical care, lost work, and diminished quality of life (excluding criminal justice costs).

Impact of COVID-19:

  • The economic burden of youth violence increased by 17% in 2020 compared to 2019, reflecting the ongoing challenges exacerbated by the pandemic.

Preventing youth violence is a collective effort that begins with understanding the root causes and risk factors that contribute to it. By addressing systemic inequities, such as poverty, residential segregation, and other forms of racism, we can create environments where all young people—especially those from racial and ethnic minority groups—have the opportunity to thrive. Prevention strategies must focus on reducing risk factors, strengthening protective factors, and fostering safe, equitable communities. Supporting youth as they grow into healthy, empowered adults is not just a moral imperative; it is essential for building a future free from violence and filled with opportunity for all.

Reference: https://www.cdc.gov/youth-violence/about/index.html

Marijuana use linked to higher risk of heart attack and stroke

New research suggests that using cannabis—whether by smoking, eating, or vaping—may increase the risk of heart attacks and strokes. Published in the Journal of the American Heart Association, the study found that cannabis users faced higher cardiovascular risks, regardless of tobacco use or other underlying health factors. Dr. Abra Jeffers, a data analyst at Massachusetts General Hospital, highlighted the growing misconception that cannabis use is harmless, particularly as smoking remains the predominant method of consumption, exposing users to particulate matter. With recreational marijuana now legal in 24 states and its usage nearly doubling since 2002, understanding its health impacts is increasingly critical. The study analyzed survey data from over 434,000 U.S. adults between 2016 and 2020, focusing on cardiovascular outcomes like heart disease, heart attacks, and strokes—even among non-tobacco users and younger individuals at lower baseline risk. Prior research on marijuana’s cardiovascular effects has been limited due to overlapping tobacco use and younger study populations, but this study underscores the potential dangers as cannabis use becomes more widespread.

Key Facts

  • Higher Risk with Any Use: Any marijuana use was associated with an increased risk of heart attacks and strokes.
  • Frequent Use Increases Risk: Daily marijuana users had 25% higher odds of heart attack and 42% higher odds of stroke compared to non-users.
  • Smoking as Predominant Method: Smoking was the most common way people consumed cannabis, followed by eating and vaping.
  • Increased Odds for Younger Adults: Men under 55 and women under 65 who used marijuana had a 36% higher combined odds of coronary heart disease, heart attack, or stroke, even without tobacco or e-cigarette use.
  • Independent Risk Factor: The elevated odds for cardiovascular issues persisted even in individuals who had never used tobacco products or e-cigarettes.

These findings underscore the importance of understanding the potential health risks associated with marijuana use, particularly as its prevalence continues to rise and perceptions of its safety shift. With smoking remaining the most common method of consumption and frequent use linked to significantly higher odds of cardiovascular issues, it’s crucial for individuals to consider these risks and for healthcare providers to address them in discussions about overall heart health. As marijuana use becomes more widespread, further research is needed to provide a clearer picture of its long-term impact on public health.

Reference: https://www.heart.org/en/news/2024/02/28/marijuana-use-linked-to-higher-risk-of-heart-attack-and-stroke

The Earth is Not Disposable: Nicotine Vape Waste

The Environmental Toll of Vapes

Vaping isn’t just harmful to health—it’s a hidden threat to the environment. Disposable vapes and e-cigarettes contribute to deforestation as their production requires extracting raw materials like lithium for batteries. These batteries, often improperly discarded, leach toxic chemicals into the soil and water, creating hazardous waste that can’t be thrown in regular trash or recycling bins. Additionally, manufacturing and disposing of vapes release greenhouse gases, exacerbating climate change. The harmful contents of vapes, like lithium-ion batteries and plastic casings, persist in landfills for centuries. To reduce the environmental impact, consider alternatives, dispose of used vapes properly, and advocate for sustainable waste solutions. Protecting the planet starts with informed choices.

5 Key Facts

  1. Health Risks: Vaping can lead to respiratory and cardiovascular issues, with some chemicals linked to lung injury and long-term health complications.
  2. Hazardous Waste: Vapes contain lithium-ion batteries and electronic components that can’t be discarded in regular trash or recycling bins, contributing to toxic waste.
  3. Greenhouse Gas Emissions: Manufacturing and disposing of vapes release greenhouse gases, fueling climate change.
  4. Deforestation: Producing vapes requires mining raw materials like lithium and metals, contributing to deforestation and habitat destruction.
  5. Plastic Pollution: Disposable vapes and cartridges add to plastic waste, persisting in landfills and ecosystems for hundreds of years.

Prioritizing eco-friendly alternatives and proper disposal methods is crucial for reducing these harms.

https://youtube.com/watch?v=kdP_Jw_Q9EQ%3Fstart%3D227%26feature%3Doembed

What actions do you think we should take to reduce the environmental damage caused by commercial tobacco and vapes, and how can we hold the tobacco industry accountable for the harm their products have caused?

The impact of vaping goes beyond personal health—it’s a growing threat to our environment. From hazardous waste and greenhouse gas emissions to deforestation and plastic pollution, the environmental toll is undeniable. By making conscious choices, advocating for stricter regulations, and holding the vaping industry accountable, we can work toward reducing these harms. Protecting our planet and well-being requires collective effort, responsible practices, and a commitment to sustainable alternatives. Together, we can create a healthier future for ourselves and the environment.

**By prioritizing the health and safety of its young residents, Minnesota is investing in a brighter, healthier future for all.**

Reference: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kdP_Jw_Q9EQ&t=227s

Living With Existential Depression

Existential depression is a deeply challenging experience where individuals grapple with finding meaning in their lives and existence itself. This struggle can lead to a lack of motivation in daily life, fixation on thoughts of death and dying, indifference toward the seemingly “unfixable” state of the world, and avoidance of connections with others. While these feelings can be overwhelming, it’s important to remember that existential depression is not a formal diagnosis but rather a way to describe this specific emotional and philosophical struggle.

“Everyone experiences [a level of] existential depression at some point in their lives and it is very common to find it as one moves through the challenges of the maturation process,”- Jed Turnbull, PhD, LCSW, CHT, a licensed social worker, and therapist.

Questions that often spark feelings of existential depression include:

  • What is the meaning of life? 
  • Why is there suffering?
  • Why do people have to die? 
  • Can I make an impact in the world? 
  • Why do bad people go unpunished?
  • Why do good people experience pain? 

Certain life experiences can also act as potential triggers for existential depression, such as:

  • Stressful life events: Situations that cause major upheaval can greatly impact your life. For example, one study notes that cancer patients may question the meaning of life when they realize that death is a very real possibility.
  • Having poor job satisfaction: Research has shown that there’s a relationship between job satisfaction and mental health. So, if you’re dissatisfied with your job you may have poorer mental health. You may also start to wonder what the purpose or point of your job is.
  • Lack of meaningful relationships: Science notes a strong link between healthy social relationships and aspects of our health and wellness.

“In more immediate circumstances, one’s way of expression can be very helpful in alleviating their depressive symptoms,” Turnbull notes. “Journaling or writing, and other abstract ways of self-expression such as art and music, as well as learning something new, can all be ways to decrease depressive symptoms.”-Jed Turnbull, PhD

Experiencing existential depression can be triggered by deep reflections and life events. It’s crucial to prioritize mental health and adopt a healthy lifestyle in response. Taking time to reflect on your well-being and engage in self-care practices can help manage feelings of existential dread and promote a more meaningful and fulfilling life.


照顾好自己是对的。Taking care of yourself is the right thing to do.

Reference: https://www.verywellmind.com/what-is-existential-depression-5496376

Health Problems Caused by Secondhand Smoke

There is no safe level of exposure to secondhand smoke, as even brief exposure can cause immediate harm. In adults who do not smoke, secondhand smoke increases the risk of coronary heart disease, stroke, lung cancer, and adverse reproductive health effects in women, such as low birth weight. For infants and children, secondhand smoke is linked to sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), respiratory infections, ear infections, and asthma attacks.

The effects of secondhand smoke are immediate, causing over 2.5 million deaths among non-smokers since 1964.

  • In adults who do not smoke, secondhand smoke exposure can cause coronary heart disease, stroke, lung cancer, and other diseases. It can also result in premature death.
  • Secondhand smoke can cause adverse reproductive health effects in women, including low birth weight.
  • In children, secondhand smoke exposure can cause respiratory infections, ear infections, and asthma attacks. In babies, secondhand smoke can cause sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS).
  • Secondhand smoke exposure can produce harmful inflammatory and respiratory effects within 60 minutes of exposure which can last for at least three hours after exposure.

Protect yourself and those around you by living smoke-free. Quitting smoking not only improves your health but also creates a safer, healthier environment for everyone. Take the first step today—your body and loved ones will thank you.

**By prioritizing the health and safety of its young residents, Minnesota is investing in a brighter, healthier future for all.**

Reference: https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/secondhand-smoke/health.html

Strings, Stories, and Dumplings: A Cross-Cultural Artistic Journey

Growing up as a Black artist deeply immersed in AAPI communities, I’ve had the unique privilege of learning from traditions that have enriched my life and artistry. My Chinese godmother from Beijing played a profound role in shaping my understanding of culture through the art of cooking. I still remember standing by her side in the kitchen as she showed me how to wrap dumplings with care, explaining the significance of each ingredient. Her stories about the dishes she grew up with connected me to a heritage that wasn’t my own by birth, but one that became a part of me through shared meals and loving mentorship. The kitchen became a sacred space where culture, history, and love blended together, teaching me the value of preserving traditions.

Another important influence in my life was an elder from the AAPI community who introduced me to the art of guzheng, the Chinese zither. The first time I touched the strings, I felt an immediate connection to its hauntingly beautiful tones and the centuries of history it carried. My teacher’s patience and dedication were inspiring as he guided me through the techniques and the cultural stories behind the music. Through this practice, I not only learned to play an instrument but also became a custodian of an art form that deserves to be celebrated. These experiences instilled in me a deep respect for the ways in which traditional arts can bridge cultural gaps and preserve histories that might otherwise be lost.

As a Black artist based in Minnesota, I’ve seen firsthand how traditional arts can build understanding and nurture creative expression. I encourage Minnesotans to engage more actively with BIPOC art forms, whether it’s attending a local Guzheng performance, joining a cooking workshop led by immigrant elders, or participating in collaborative art projects. By creating spaces where diverse traditions are honored and practiced, we not only preserve cultural legacies but also cultivate a thriving community of creativity and respect. Invest in these traditions, not just for their beauty but for the stories and connections they bring to our lives.

Jarrelle (杰遨 )Barton

Balancing Two Worlds: Mental Health and the Bicultural Journey

As a Black man navigating a bicultural identity, my life has often felt like a balancing act. On one hand, there’s the rich heritage of Black culture—our resilience, creativity, and deep sense of community. On the other, there’s the broader world, shaped by systems and norms that weren’t built with us in mind. Growing up, I often felt like I had to adjust who I was depending on where I was and who I was with. That constant adjustment took its toll, leaving me with an unspoken pressure to perform and to prove myself at all times.

The impact of living biculturally is something I didn’t fully understand until I started unpacking it. Therapy wasn’t talked about much in my community growing up, but it became a lifeline for me. It gave me the space to address feelings of invisibility—being overlooked in rooms where my voice and presence should have mattered. Meditation also played a key role in helping me ground myself, allowing me to explore who I am outside the expectations of others. I’ve learned that I don’t have to shrink parts of myself to fit in; my identity is mine to define, and it’s valid in all its complexity.

Healing has come through embracing creative expression and mindfulness. Poetry, music, and meditation have become tools for reflecting on my bicultural identity, allowing me to weave together the richness of my heritage with the realities of the present. Each act of creation—whether a poem, a melody, or a moment of stillness—serves as a bridge, transforming the complexities of living between cultures into something harmonious and inspiring. Sharing my journey through art has sparked meaningful connections with others who see themselves in my work, reminding me that our stories, though unique, often resonate deeply. My bicultural identity is not a burden but a wellspring of inspiration, offering a lens for storytelling that builds understanding, beauty, and connection where cultures meet.

Key Points

  • The mental health struggles of being Black with a bicultural identity
  • The importance of seeking therapy and practicing mindfulness
  • Challenging the stigma around vulnerability
  • Embracing biculturalism as a strength

Quote

“Not everything that is faced can be changed, but nothing can be changed until it is faced.” – James Baldwin

Embracing creativity and mindfulness can transform the challenges of bicultural identity into a source of healing and inspiration. – 拥抱创造力和正念,可以将双文化身份的挑战转化为治愈和灵感的源泉。

Jarrelle ( 杰遨 – Jieao ) Barton

Food and mood: how do diet and nutrition affect mental wellbeing?

Depression and anxiety are the most common mental health conditions worldwide and a leading cause of disability, with subclinical symptoms further impacting the wellbeing and functioning of a significant portion of the population. This highlights the need for new approaches to managing both diagnosed and subclinical cases. Recently, the relationship between nutrition and mental health has garnered attention, as studies suggest that adherence to healthy or Mediterranean dietary patterns—characterized by high consumption of fruits, vegetables, nuts, legumes, moderate intake of poultry, eggs, and dairy, and minimal red meat—is associated with a lower risk of depression. However, these findings are complicated by the potential for reverse causality, where psychological states influence dietary choices, such as cravings for “comfort foods” during low moods or appetite changes due to stress. Additionally, individuals with longstanding mental illnesses face unique challenges to maintaining a healthy diet, including financial and environmental barriers, as well as the appetite-altering effects of psychiatric medications.

Consuming highly refined carbohydrates increases the risk of obesity and diabetes and may also negatively impact psychological wellbeing. Diets with a high glycaemic index (GI) and glycaemic load (GL)—rich in refined carbohydrates and sugars—are associated with a greater incidence of depressive symptoms, as longitudinal research and clinical studies have shown. Experimental studies reveal that diets with high GL can rapidly elevate and then drop blood glucose levels, triggering the release of counter-regulatory hormones like cortisol and adrenaline, which may contribute to anxiety, irritability, and hunger. Recurrent hypoglycemia linked to these dietary patterns is also associated with mood disorders. While the rapid fluctuations in blood glucose provide a plausible mechanism for these effects, other factors may also play a role. High-GI diets are a risk factor for diabetes, a condition often comorbid with depression, and both share overlapping abnormalities in insulin resistance, brain volume, and neurocognitive performance. Additionally, the inflammatory response triggered by high-GI foods may further connect such diets to symptoms of depression through links between mental health and immune activation.

A growing area of research explores how dietary patterns affect mental wellbeing through their impact on the gut microbiome—the trillions of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, and archaea, that reside in the human gut. The gut microbiome communicates bidirectionally with the brain via neural, inflammatory, and hormonal pathways. Evidence suggests its role in mental health: changes in the gut microbiome influence emotion-like behaviors in rodents, major depressive disorder in humans is linked to altered microbiomes, and transferring gut microbiota from depressed humans to rodents induces depression-like behaviors in the animals. Diet, along with genetic factors and antibiotic exposure, is a modifiable determinant of gut microbiome diversity and functionality. Diets high in saturated fats, refined sugars, and artificial sweeteners can damage the gut barrier, leading to a “leaky gut” and fostering an unhealthy microbiome, whereas diets rich in fiber, polyphenols, and unsaturated fatty acids—like the Mediterranean diet—support microbial populations that produce anti-inflammatory metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids. Additionally, probiotics have shown potential in altering emotional brain responses and reducing depressive symptoms in healthy individuals. While these findings highlight the gut microbiome’s role in modulating emotion-related processes, no causal links between specific microbes or their metabolites and human emotions have been established, and it remains unclear if dietary-induced microbiome changes can directly affect depressive symptoms or disorders, or how quickly such effects might occur.

The emerging connection between diet, the gut microbiome, and mental health underscores the potential for dietary interventions to support emotional wellbeing. While promising evidence highlights how nutrient-rich diets and probiotics may influence mood through gut-brain communication, the complexity of these interactions and the lack of established causal relationships warrant further investigation. Understanding how specific dietary patterns and gut microbial changes impact depressive symptoms could open new pathways for improving mental health through accessible, nutrition-based strategies.

Reference:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7322666/

The Panda and the Dragon – Symbols of Chinese Culture and Identity.

In Chinese folklore, two iconic emblems stand as symbols of power and peace—the mighty dragon and the gentle panda. The dragon, a noble creature from ancient times, dazzles with its shining armor and bold presence. It roars across the skies, representing sovereignty and strength, embodying the awe-inspiring energy that has captivated hearts for generations.

In contrast, the panda, with its distinctive black-and-white coat, exudes a calm and friendly demeanor. A peaceful symbol of harmony, it spends its days leisurely munching on bamboo, captivating all who encounter its gentle charm. The panda’s composed nature stands as a reminder of the value of simplicity and kindness in a world that often moves too fast.

Together, the dragon and the panda represent a balanced duality—power and grace, majesty and tranquility. As national symbols of China, they embody pride and identity, showcasing the richness of the culture they come from. The dragon soars with unbridled energy, while the panda invites us to pause and appreciate life’s serene moments.

Reference:https://www.joelwong.net/2024/03/21/the-panda-and-the-dragon-each-representing-different-aspects-of-chinese-culture-and-identity/

Healing Through Heritage: How BIPOC Creators are Reclaiming Ancestral Narratives

Art has always been a lifeline for BIPOC creators—a way to reach back across time and reclaim the stories of our ancestors, stories often erased or distorted by colonization and oppression. For many, creating is not just about making something beautiful; it’s a way of finding their place in a lineage, exploring questions of identity, displacement, and belonging. Each brushstroke, verse, or frame becomes a thread in the larger tapestry of our heritage, woven anew for a modern world. This process is deeply personal, a journey of healing and reconnection that carries their roots forward into the future.

We see this vividly in the work of filmmakers like Ava DuVernay and Taika Waititi, who use their art to challenge mainstream narratives and center the voices of their communities. Their films are more than stories—they are acts of cultural preservation and defiance. Similarly, visual artists turn to the symbols and practices of their ancestors, using them to honor their lineage while creating something entirely new. Musicians, too, are keeping traditions alive, blending traditional rhythms and languages with contemporary sounds to craft music that feels both timeless and revolutionary. Their work bridges the gap between past and present, a testament to the resilience and creativity of cultures.

But this creative reclamation isn’t just about preserving the past—it’s about shaping the future. By sharing our heritage through art, we empower our communities, especially younger generations, to see the beauty and strength in their identities. They remind us all that culture isn’t something static or stuck in history—it’s a living, breathing force. It evolves, expands, and takes on new life through the hands of those who dare to remember and reimagine it. Through their work, these creators aren’t just keeping traditions alive—they’re making space for the next chapter to be written.

Jarrelle Barton (杰遨- Jieao)